Belong to Li eyes one person.1000 governs 100s 10, totally having 100 the door is 10 people(positive six articles), the total ensign is 20 people, and the bannerol is 100 people.The Xing jail then returns a town to fondle to take charge of.Any Wei all Be belonged to to all a department, but all department again cent Be belonged to to five soldiers all Du mansion.Is self-defense so is next, its government troops is much hereditary, this is one of special Ming Dynasty systems.
All Du mansion all the Du name change into the official ranks of short seller afterwards, but command troops of officer the beard then don't add a total soldier, vice-president soldier, three will, visit shot general, fielding and chase total etc. title.《Clear history · the job officer's ambition five 》 :"Total town one square guards for helping for fielding, guarding a city with chief commander together for dividing guarding, each one fortress that guard one city for garrisoning, only town all the way.Have already lifted Du, lift to adjust, go around and inspect again, fully resist, headwaiter, have like Wo,etc.All the beard of any total soldier, vice-president post of soldier has Mr., Hou, uncle, all the Du Jue title Chong allows.Its total soldier the one who hang to print to call general, Yue in Yunnan advertises for south general and greatly advertises for west general with Yue, wide Yue in the lake is pretty even general, two wide Yues advertises for pretty general ……it is in the thistle town, Guizhou, wide lake, Sichuan and 儹 luck Huai Anne, can not call that the general hangs to print.Declare a virtuous, and then establish Shanxi and Shaanxi to is two total soldiers.Of Jia Jing, the cent establishes wide two total soldierses of Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and lakes to four and changes to establish Fukien, protect settle vice-president soldier is total soldier, and then add to establish total soldier in Zhejiang.Being ten thousand is again facing Yao and mountain sea to increase to establish a total soldier.Go to Ming Dynasty last years of the period, the total soldier officer increases to place numerous, can not win to record.Total soldier in the Ming Dynasty is originally have no the bad Wei of grade, go to Manchu dynasty regular Wu Zhi who is positive two articleses.
Also have the armed forces and people mansion, soil state and soil the county in addition, its officials establish, and mansion, state and county system homology.
◎Restructure Li to cure
Hong force first year(1368 A.D.), clearly too the wise Zu Zheng Zhao world is just a mansion state county officer, and the Chi life give lately- taught county county officer with thick grant, encourage it knows oneself honesty and honor, hope after taking up a post, have no the Rao harm to give birth to a people.Carry according to 《Zhao generation Dian is then 》 , Hong force first year, too Zu to lately teach a northern county to make to say:
The nation lately attached gives birth to people Diao Zhai(zh 4 is, sound debt), don't have with the peaceful caring, will reply to live life of refugee disappointment.The Er waits my idea of proper body, the kind Fu follows it, and the Wu adds Rao to harm.Jian Yi saves a fee, with thick it livings;Advise filial piety Li loyalty, with thick it is vulgar.Ability such as allied speech, not especially the owned by private capital benefit of solid, namely the Ru as well get to follow a good.
Carry according to 《literary reference Ji smell 》 again, the Hong Li department of Wu Nian Jian chose a batch of countries the son living for less than six articles county county an officer, too Zu Zhao Yu it says:
The way of matter gentleman, however serves faithfully a deceit not;Cure the people's way, however go to Mr. don't cover.The people of any county one Yi is hungry cold not get it there is lawsuit Yuan suppressing, is wise just don't raise, have the Hao Hua the Du people's.The Ru waits until a term, can be covered by personal desires, human speech delude, then square inch from clear, but various cover can interest.On being led long to personal desires, but Be deluded to human speech, then night however if sit dark room, the hungry cold without any cause gets a benefit, the Yuan suppresses without any cause stretch a reason, wise just the Yong cover, while the Hao Hua maneuver, then for discard job Yi.The ancients has speech:The person starts into an officer, such as go into dark room, long but is clear, is curing clearly.Ru etc. slices to record it, the Wu behavior covers to delude also.
At that time, the mansion state of the world county officer, any Lian ability was morally upright, stood in no fear of power and influence, testing the lesson must most, then more the class promote.Carry according to 《the clear government believes in generally 》 , Hong force 24 years(1391), lately turn county Cheng the boat test lesson by Lian most for week and rise a Li department to test an achievement lord matter.Empress it county people Xiao the handsome etc. Yi Que move speech:"After boat went to, the people is been uneasy by the Rao".In order to stabilize a county people, too the Zu has to change Zhao, in order to lately turn county Cheng, make again the boat in week and make gift department the Yan appreciate to send it.Again 《Zhao generation Dian is then 》 carries, Hong force 19 years(1386 A.D.) April, rather the wave knows that Li Zhong Wen of mansion sends mansion Li Ma Ren living a Ci river the county cruise Cha, the mansion Li doesn't obey the county's laws, drive the Ci river county Cheng Qin Zhong ornamental the Xie arrest into Kyoto, too Zu very Jia it, hence Zhuo Qin Zhong ornamental for rather the wave know a mansion and declined to know a mansion at first Li Zhong Wen is the Ci river county Cheng.Again 《literary reference Ji smell 》 carry, imperial censor Ling Han reviews jail fair, in order to appreciate, the criminal there is releasing to make very much running into Ling Han on the road and invite him to drink alcohol especially, and present with the thick gold.Traverse a man to say:"The son offense is Er, not I private son.The wine can drink, while the gold can not be subjected to."The resolute brush-off accepts a thick gold.Too the Zu knows its matter, namely Zhuo Ling Han is pair all imperial censor.Carry again with book, there is a small Li, throw a well suicide due to being greedy for Zang matter hair.Too the Zu smells it and say to the cluster minister:"That knows the benefit of benefit, but doesn't know benefit, it harms, the Tu knows to love benefit, but doesn't know to love a body, does the person's Yu which have more than this?……Its person dies now not enough Xu."
Zhu Yuan Zhang witnesses a dollar end political corruption, officialdom corruption of various fraud government, builds up wise powerful ruler at him dynasty after, special the attention restructure Li to cure.《Literary reference Ji smells 》 jotted down him to once say to the cluster minister:
When my Xi is in the folks see a state county officialdom much Xu a people not, usually money-mad lewd, the alcohol discards a matter, ordinary people sufferance, stare at it cold, heart solid Nu it.Is past now the strict method forbid, but meet officialdom corruption Du to harm my people's, offense it don't forgive.The Qing waits to be body my speech, if guards F Lian but receive a method Mr., still the person goes straightaway, calmly from proper;The Gou is greedy for the method of Hui Li and still go thorn in, the small step can not move, the Zong gets, injured all over the body Yi, don't quit Zai!
Zhu Yuan Zhang tests lesson to the officialdom very strict, in addition to adopting reward and punishment measure, also assist it with the severe law.He enforces the law very strict, still just farmer war period, because of at that time food difficulty, Zhu Yuan Zhang issued order forbid make wine, the son of great commander beard ocean makes wine forbid, should press the restriction order Cheng cure.At this time beard ocean just in Shaoxing, Zhejiang on taking to fight, all matter Wang Kai then suggests to kill his son, with steady live a beard of ocean.Zhu Yuan Zhang says:"Would rather make ocean Pan I, can not make my method doesn't go" ① unexpectedly takes out the son of haft beard ocean to kill in person.Wise powerful ruler dynasty after building up, in book province all matter Li Bin go against the law,Facebook, prime minister Li Shan long ask for a favor for it, Zhu Yuan Zhang not only doesn't grant and on the contrary adopted Liu Ji's suggestion, place Li Bin is with the death penalty ② .
Zhu Yuan Zhang cures to the Cheng of corrupt official and the harsh method of using is a history top rare.According to jotting down of 《plant son 》and 《 Ming Dynasty small history 》 , his rules:Officer in the place grafts money more than 62, decapitate to exhibit to the public, also need to peel solid grass.Zhu Yuan Zhang's left side in mansion, state, county and the door of Wei Ya specially builds up a temple,cnn, as the place that shells person's skin, be called "skin field temple";Male in the authorities the both sides, the skin bag of each person who hang one to fill with grass, make the officialdom touch eyes shocking, know watch out for.
Ming Dynasty ruler cures to the strictly whole officialdom, at certain degree upper limit system the being greedy for of officialdom destroy Xun private, horizontal advertise for suddenly and violently Lian, are beneficial to the people.But Ming Dynasty monarch treats officialdom of cruel, also very unique.At ancient times, although the low class officialdom also has drive responsibility Zhang of, after all be very few for number.But Ming Dynasty ruler while punishing officialdom but used ruthlessness"battle in the court".Battle in the court originally has no law rules, as long as the officials disobey a Wu aim idea and ask for the emperor isn't happy, then and immediately drag along next whip a Zhang responsibility, many officials are lived to kill under the whip Zhang.The close nephew who connects Zhu Yuan Zhang, once protected in the south Chang war in firmly stood by Gu city for him, struggled hard the text was positive for 85 day, also with the criminal charges of "became intimate with young scholar, the breadth of view hatred hoped" drive whip dead.The location that battle in the court executes criminal resists road in front of the noon east side.Many officials accompany under outside western Chi in the noon door while executing criminal, the left side is an eunuch, the right side is the brocade dress Wei military school, and the following ensign is several people of school, all rm to take a Xiu set, keep wood rod.After the department gift eunuch of Jian Zhang finishes reading out an order, the ensign school uses linen Dou the prisoner's shoulder ridge the following part tie.Tie～up two feet with the cordage, on all sides lead long Yi, prisoner Fu lies and lets the thigh be subjected to Zhang.At this time, or so and harsh voice Gao He"put stick", have a thigh that keeps stick to put at the prisoner up;Drink a voice to"beat", start using Xing.Change 1 while beating five sticks.If want to place a prisoner at the hopeless situation, the person of Jian Zhang shouts command "really beat", or"diligently beat", hence, be subjected to Zhang person don't return alive.It is said that when the brocade dress ensign school executes criminal as long as two Xue points that see the department gift eunuch of Jian Zhang then know that the prisoner is to live to is dead.If two Xue points outwardly become a horoscope form,google, so they can't kill a person.If Xue point to inside on accepting, kill prisoner.Just virtuous(1506-1521 A.D.) past, any is subjected to Zhang of need not peel off dress trousers.Just virtuous year of beginning eunuch, Liu Jin, particularly power, peel off the prisoner's dress trousers to suffer torture, henceforth drive Zhang the dead Be getting more more.Just virtuous 14 years(1519 A.D.), the cluster minister advises
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